India has implemented a wide-ranging strategy aimed at empowering women through greater participation in governance and local leadership. As part of this initiative, the government is adopting a “whole-of-government” and “whole-of-society” approach to address women’s empowerment across all stages of life.
In 2023, India made a significant milestone with the passage of the Constitution (One Hundred and Sixth Amendment) Act, 2023, known as the “Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam.” This legislation reserves one-third of all seats in the Lower House of Parliament and State Legislative Assemblies for women, including those in the Legislative Assembly of Delhi. The law institutionalizes women’s representation in politics at the highest levels of decision-making.
Building on reforms introduced through the 73rd and 74th Constitutional Amendments, which reserved one-third of seats in local government bodies for women, the initiative has expanded further. Currently, 21 states and two union territories have established a 50 percent reservation for women in Panchayati Raj Institutions. Women now account for 46 percent of the 31 million elected representatives in local governance roles, making India a global leader in women’s grassroots representation.
The government has launched the “Sashakt Panchayat-Netri Abhiyan,” a targeted program aimed at enhancing the leadership and decision-making skills of women elected to Panchayati Raj Institutions. Specialized training modules have been developed for capacity building, along with a guide on laws addressing gender-based violence and harmful practices.
In a move toward greater inclusivity, the government has introduced the Model Women-Friendly Gram Panchayats Initiative. The program aspires to establish at least one model Gram Panchayat in every district nationwide to prioritize women’s and girls’ welfare, fostering gender equality and rural development.
Efforts also extend to youth involvement, as the government aims to engage 100,000 young individuals, including women, in politics through a non-partisan national platform.
Additional measures include the promotion of property ownership for women, universal health coverage, financial support for pregnant women, and access to formal banking and credit systems. Envisioning Self-Help Groups as key agents of change, 100 million women are contributing to rural economic development and leadership roles.
These initiatives reflect the government’s focus on holistic empowerment, addressing economic, social, and political barriers to create sustainable opportunities for women. This progress was shared during a parliamentary session by the Minister of State for Women and Child Development.
