Over the past decade, the Indian government has implemented a series of initiatives aimed at strengthening ties with the vast Non-Resident Indian (NRI) and Overseas Citizen of India (OCI) communities. These schemes recognize the significant contributions NRIs and OCIs make to India’s economy, both through remittances and their expertise, and aim to facilitate closer connections with their homeland. Let’s explore some key ways these schemes have benefitted NRIs and OCIs in recent years.
Enhanced Investment Opportunities:
One of the most significant changes has been the liberalization of investment avenues for NRIs and OCIs. Prior to the 2010s, investment options were limited, often discouraging NRIs from parking their savings in India. However, schemes like the Liberalised Remittance Scheme (LRS) now allow NRIs to freely remit up to $1 million per year for various purposes, including investment in Indian stock markets, real estate, and small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Additionally, the abolition of the inheritance tax on immovable property for NRIs in 2005 simplified wealth transfer and inheritance processes.
Financial Security and Retirement Planning:
The government has also introduced schemes that cater to the long-term financial needs of NRIs. The National Pension Scheme (NPS) for NRIs, launched in 2015, allows them to contribute towards a retirement corpus that enjoys tax benefits. This scheme addresses a crucial concern for many NRIs, who might otherwise lack a structured pension plan in India. Similarly, OCIs can now invest in Tier-I NPS accounts, further expanding their retirement planning options.
Ease of Doing Business:
Recognizing the valuable business acumen and entrepreneurial spirit of NRIs, the government has streamlined processes for them to invest in and establish businesses in India. Initiatives like the “Startups for India” program offer tax breaks, incubation facilities, and easier access to funding for startups founded by NRIs. Additionally, the relaxation of Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) norms in various sectors has created more attractive opportunities for NRI entrepreneurs.
Real Estate Ownership and Inheritance:
Owning a piece of India has become easier for NRIs in recent years. The government has permitted them to purchase freehold property anywhere in the country (except for agricultural land or farmhouses). This not only allows them to invest in a growing property market but also facilitates easier inheritance processes for their families. Additionally, NRIs can now freely rent out their properties in India, generating passive income.
Simplified Travel and Stay:
The introduction of the OCI card in 2005 revolutionized travel for people of Indian origin residing abroad. OCIs enjoy multiple entry lifetime visas, simplifying visits to India for tourism, business, or to reconnect with family. The online visa application process further streamlined travel arrangements. Additionally, NRIs can now register their foreign marriage in India, simplifying bureaucratic processes.
Connecting with Roots and Heritage:
Beyond economic benefits, government schemes promote cultural and emotional ties between NRIs/OCIs and India. Initiatives like the “Know India Programme” and the “Pravasi Bharatiya Divas” celebrations provide opportunities for the diaspora to connect with their heritage and engage in cultural exchange. Scholarships for diaspora children to study in India further strengthen these bonds.
The Road to Greater Engagement
While these schemes have significantly benefitted NRIs and OCIs, there’s always room for improvement. Streamlining online platforms for investment and property transactions, and simplifying tax filing processes for NRIs, could further enhance their experience. Additionally, continued efforts to address concerns regarding bureaucratic hurdles and red tape would encourage greater NRI participation in the Indian economy.
A Mutually Beneficial Partnership
The Indian government’s outreach to NRIs and OCIs fosters a mutually beneficial partnership. By providing a more welcoming environment for investment, entrepreneurship, and travel, India unlocks the vast potential of its diaspora. NRIs and OCIs, in turn, contribute not only financially but also by sharing their expertise and global perspectives, propelling India’s growth trajectory. As India continues to evolve as a global economic power, fostering a strong bond with its diaspora will undoubtedly remain a strategic priority.
